I am Hungry for some Effing Quote Sandwiches!

In the book A Brief History of Time, the author Stephen Hawking uses multiple "They say, I say" templates to present his claim. He also embeds many quote sandwiches into his writing to have the sayings of other people strengthen the claim he is making.


"I remember Stephen Hawing, who was then approaching his third year as a research student, saying, "What interesting results-- I wonder whether they could be adapted to understanding the origin of the universe?" What he had in mind, you see, was that if you reverse the sense of time, just mentally, you can think of the expanding universe as a collapsing system; it's a bit like a very giant star collapsing. And the same considerations apply: as the universe collapses, in that sense of time, it reaches a singularity; or, in the normal sense of time, we have the explosion from big bang, which is certainly singular in the very symmetric models of the universe."


Now, the author Stephen Hawking uses a quote sandwich here as he embeds this whole passage said by Dennis Sciama who was one of Hawking's professors at the University of Cambridge to show the readers  how others viewed his ideas therefore establishing a higher credibility with that use of ethos. This builds up an effective argument about the way Hawing thought about the singularity of universe because it shows how differently he thought about the subject compared to his peers which makes his legacy of a genius even stronger.


Another way, the use of quote sandwich works to make the argument better is to support the view of Stephens about the subject of the passage. Even though this whole passage is a quote itself from Dennis Sciama, the author embeds a quote from Stephen Hawking through Dennis's view to support the claim that the author is making. That claim is clear as the author (Hawking) is trying to convey to his readers that he looks at the origin of the universe as a giant star exploding therefore reaching singularity. By having Dennis Sciama describe Hawking's view, the author not only establishes a higher credibility because the view of his professor adds weight to his effective argument making it even more stronger.